Photovoltaic roof tiles

Photovoltaic roof tiles combine the classic function of a roof covering with the ability to convert solar energy into electricity. Unlike conventional PV modules, which are mounted on the existing roof, photovoltaic roof tiles are designed as an integral part of the roof covering. They thus offer not only an aesthetically pleasing solution but also a holistic structural and energy-related approach. In this article, you will learn everything about the structure, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of this innovative technology.

What are photovoltaic roof tiles?

Photovoltaic roof tiles (also called "solar roof tiles") are roofing elements with integrated solar cells. They typically consist of:

• a load-bearing brick form (ceramic, plastic or glass composite),
• and a photovoltaic cell embedded therein (e.g. monocrystalline).

The special feature: The power generation unit is inextricably linked to the brick – it simultaneously takes on the tasks of weather protection, roof sealing and energy generation.

Difference to conventional PV systems

| Feature | Photovoltaic tiles | Rooftop PV with modules | |————————|——————————-|———————————| | Appearance | Harmonious, tile-shaped | Visible module frames | | Roofing | Replacement of roofing | Installation on existing roof | | Weight | Often lighter | Higher additional weight | | Installation effort | More complex | Quicker to install | | Maintenance | More complex | Easily accessible | | Output per m² | Lower | Higher |

How do photovoltaic roof tiles work?

The operating principle is similar to classic PV technology: 1. Sunlight strikes the solar cells in the brick. 2. Electrons are excited – direct current is generated. 3. An inverter converts the current into alternating current. 4. The current is used in the building or fed into the grid. The special feature lies in the modular design: Each brick or brick field contains its own electrical contacts, which are interconnected via plug connectors.

Advantages of photovoltaic roof tiles

✔️ Aesthetics

The biggest advantage is the seamless appearance: photovoltaic tiles blend harmoniously into the roofscape – ideal for architect-designed houses, listed buildings or style-conscious builders.

✔️ 2-in-1 solution

They combine roofing and energy generation – no separate roof tiles or additional structures are needed.

✔️ Durability and weather protection

Good PV tiles are designed for decades of use, withstanding rain, wind, hail and snow.

✔️ Reduced wind load

Since no module surfaces are elevated, the roof surface is less susceptible to under-ventilation and wind suction.

Disadvantages and challenges

❌ Higher costs

PV tiles are significantly more expensive to purchase and install than standard modules.

❌ Complex installation

Installation requires experienced professionals and is not as time-saving as a classic rooftop system.

❌ Lower efficiency

Due to the smaller cell area per brick, the output per m² is limited – more roof area is required.

❌ Difficult maintenance

Defective individual bricks have to be replaced in a costly manner – sometimes an entire field has to be opened up for this.

When do photovoltaic roof tiles become worthwhile?

Photovoltaic roof tiles are particularly worthwhile in the following cases:

• 🏗️ New buildings where the roof is being re-covered anyway
• 🏚️ Renovations where the entire roof is replaced
• 🏛️ Buildings with high aesthetic requirements
• 📐 Projects where the use of standard modules is limited visually or by building regulations

Technical specifications (typical)

– Power output per brick: approx. 10–20 Wp – Dimensions: e.g., 30 × 40 cm – Weight: 2–5 kg per brick – Efficiency: 15–18% – Lifespan: 25–30 years

Known manufacturers (selection)

– Tesla (Solar Roof) – Autarq (Germany) – Meyer Burger – Eternit / CREATON – Nelskamp (Solar Tile Planum)

Alternatives to photovoltaic roof tiles

– In-roof modules: Large PV panels replace roof elements – On-roof systems: Classic PV modules on existing tiles – Hybrid tiles: Combination of standard tiles with partially active surfaces

Conclusion: Photovoltaic roof tiles – where aesthetics meet technology

Photovoltaic roof tiles are an elegant, future-oriented solution for anyone who wants to generate electricity without compromising on roof design. While they are more expensive and complex than traditional PV systems, they offer significant advantages, especially for new builds, design projects, or buildings in sensitive urban environments. For those who value aesthetics, integration, and durability, solar roof tiles are a stylish choice. Have you heard of CLEVER-TILE ®?